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The Prehistoric Rock-Art Sites of the Côa Valley are open-air Paleolithic archaeological sites located in a region of northeastern Portugal, along the Portuguese-Spanish border. In the late 1980s, the engravings were discovered in Vila Nova de Foz Côa in the course of construction of a dam in the valley. The site is situated in the valley of the Côa River, and includes thousands of engraved rock drawings of horses, bovines and other animal, human and abstract figures, dated from 22,000 to 10,000 years BCE. The sites were reviewed by archeologists and other specialists of UNESCO and other agencies. Public support grew for preservation of the archeological artifacts and rock paintings both within Portugal and internationally, and in 1995 elections led to a change in government. The new prime minister cancelled this dam project. Since 1995, a team of archaeologists have been studying and cataloging this pre-historical complex. The Archaeological Park of the Côa Valley ((ポルトガル語:Parque Arqueológico do Vale do COa (PAVC))) was created to receive visitors and interpret the findings, and the Côa Museum was constructed here following a major design competition. ==History== The first drawings appearing in the Côa Valley date between 22-20,000 years B.C., consisting of zoomorphic imagery of nature.〔António Martinho Baptista and Mário Varela Gomes (1995), p. 350–384〕 Between 20-18,000 B.C. (Solutense period), a secondary group of animal drawings included examples of muzzled horses.〔 There was greater elaboration during 16-10,000 years B.C. (Magdalenense period), with a Paleolithic style. The essentially anthropomorphic and zoomorphic designs included horses identifiable by their characteristic manes, aurochs with mouths and nostrils indicated, and deer.〔 Other paintings dating back to the Epipaleolithic period were of zoomorphic semi-naturalist design.〔 Another phase of anthropomorphic designs were encountered during the Neolithic, that also included zoomorphic designs that were both geometric and abstract.〔 Anthropomorphic designs also appeared dating back to the Chalcolithic and Bronze Ages; these were primarily anthropomorphic in character.〔 Between the 5th and 1st centuries, early organized humans were responsible for producing anthropomorphic and zoomorphic designs that included weapons and symbols.〔 The final era of recorded rock art, corresponding to the 17th to 20th centuries, include religious, anthropomorphic and zoomorphic designs, inscriptions and dates. The later part of these designs include representations of boats, trains, bridges, planes and representations of various scenes, including drawings completed by António Seixas and Alcino Tomé.〔Baptista (1999)〕〔CNART (1999)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prehistoric Rock-Art Site of the Côa Valley」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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